Why Prostatitis and Infection Happen and the Causes of Systemic Reaction

Prostatitis is an inflammation of the prostate gland. It can occur as a result of both bacterial and non-bacterial infections. The inflammation of the prostate can also result from other factors, such as injury in the urethra or other parts of the urinary tract leading to the infection of the prostate. On the other hand, systemic reaction can occur, affecting the entire urinary system and other bodily systems due to the persistent inflammation of the prostate. Systemic reaction is the body’s response to an infection affecting multiple body organs due to failure to address an injury or infection in one organ. Untreated prostatitis, regardless of whether bacterial or non-bacterial, can spread to other parts of the urinary system and into the bloodstream. The spread of infection can then trigger an immune response, furthering the inflammation across the entire body or organ systems. Outside of prostatitis, systemic reaction can result from an inflammatory response on either part of the body due to infection or inflammation with an impact on other organs.

Why a Patient Would Need a Splenectomy after a Diagnosis of ITP

A diagnosis of ITP means the patient has a low platelet count. There are various reasons for the low platelet count. Major causes include uncontrolled bleeding or diseases or health conditions causing a reduction in overall blood and platelet levels, such as impairment of the spleen. The spleen plays the role of regulating blood cells by eliminating old and dead cells. This function includes the removal of platelets. Suppose a patient has been diagnosed with ITP in the absence of other factors. In that case, the spleen happens to be destroying both damaged and health platelets leading to a low count. In such a case, a splenectomy will be necessary to prevent the spleen from further destroying more platelets.

Anemia and the Different Kinds of Anemia (Micro and Macrocytic)

Anemia is a hematologic disorder presented by reduced levels of blood. There are several types of anemia. The major types are microcytic and macrocytic. Microcytic anemia is presented by smaller than normal red blood cells. It can result from either iron deficiencies or genetically inherited. Due to the reduced hgb volume, microcytic anemia leads to poor oxygen distribution in the body with a risk of other complications. On the other hand, macrocytic anemia is presented by large red blood cells. Macrocytic can result from a deficiency of folates or vitamin B12 (Sarna et al., 2020).

Conclusion

Regardless of the type of blood disorder or the part of the body affected, such disorders and infections risk the wellness of the individual. Various factors such as bacterial, viral, deficiencies, and genetic factors are responsible for a majority of hematologic disorders and infections. The disorders and infections contribute to increased morbidity and a higher risk of mortality. Early identification and treatment of these disorders and infections can help counter their progression and prevent systemic reactions as well as adverse outcomes.

References

Glaría, E., & Valledor, A. F. (2020). Roles of CD38 in the Immune Response to Infection. Cells 2020, Vol. 9, Page 228, 9(1), 228. https://doi.org/10.3390/CELLS9010228

Pai, M., Venkatesh, S., & Gupta, P. (2020). The role of infections in infertility: A review. International Journal of Academic Medicine, 6(3), 189. https://doi.org/10.4103/IJAM.IJAM_44_19

Sarna, A., Porwal, A., Ramesh, S., Agrawal, P. K., Acharya, R., Johnston, R., Khan, N., Sachdev, H. P. S., Nair, K. M., Ramakrishnan, L., Abraham, R., Deb, S., Khera, A., & Saxena, R. (2020). Characterisation of the types of anaemia prevalent among children and adolescents aged 1–19 years in India: a population-based study. The Lancet Child & Adolescent Health, 4(7), 515–525. https://doi.org/10.1016/S2352-4642(20)30094-8